AFRICANISM: THEME, AND TECHNIQUE IN AMOS TUTUOLA’S THE PALMWINE DRINKARD

ABSTRACT    This project work deals with a critical evaluation of Africanism in relation to theme and techniques of Amos Tutuola’s novel – THE PALMWINE DRINKARD. This study tends to examine the important of African culture and promotion of its cultural heritage which was bastardized by the colonial masters during colonization.   In the course of this essay, chapter one will deals with introduction, background of the study, purpose of the study, scope and limitation, justification, methodology and authorial background. Chapter two forms the literature reviewed about past scholars’ view on Africanism, the concept of Africanism as theme, the concept of Africanism as techniques. Chapter three focuses on analysis of the novel- the palm-wine Drinkard. Chapter four encompasses summary, findings and conclusion to the whole essay. In our finding, we are able to discovered.  - That “Africanism especially the aspect of African culture in Tutuola’s texts enable the readers to appreciate and value their own traditions.  - That Africanism as a concept is capable of generating its         own body of literature and attracts criticism to itself.  - That through the concept of Africanism, the efficacy of     African culture has been proved using Tutuola’s text, the    palmwine Drinkard.  Also, that the writing of the palmwine drinkard has been greatly influences by oral tradition.   Furthermore, it is discovered that Tutuola through the palmwine drinkard has proved that African writer are not writing in vacuum, but concentrate on Africa background.   
TABLE OF CONTENT
i.   Title page     -   - i ii.  Certification     -   - ii iii. Dedication      -   - iii iv.  Acknowledgement   -   - iv v.   Abstract      -   - v vi.  Table of contents    -   - vii
CHAPTER ONE: GENERAL INTRODUCTION   - 1  1.1 Background of the Study      - 1 1.2 Purpose of study      - 3 1.3 Significant of the study     - 4 1.4 Justification        - 4 1.5 Scope and limitation      - 5 1.6 Methodology       - 5 1.7 Authorial Background     - 6
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW    - 9 2.1 Introduction        - 9 2.2 Concept of Africanism as Theme   - 13 2.3 Concept of Africanism as Techniques   - 19
CHAPTER THREE:  TEXTUAL ANALYSIS   - 22 3.1 Setting of the Novel      - 26 3.2 Plot structure       - 29 3.3 Characterization      - 31 3.4 The summary of the Novel     - 32
CHAPTER FOUR:  SUMMARY & CONCLUSION   - 34 4.1 Summary         - 34 4.2 Findings         - 35 4.3 Conclusion         - 35 BIBLIOGRAPHY       - 37
INTRODUCTION
 “Pan-African” unity is important in African identity politics, because the African ancestry of Afro-American community cannot be derived from an identifiable African people. Therefore, it has become necessary to minimize the differences between the various peoples of African favour of a generalized “African” heritage.  1.1 Background to the Study  The word “Africanism” connotes pan-Africanism. Pan-Africanism represents the aggregation and the projection of historical, cultural, spiritual, artistic, scientific and philosophical legacies of Africans from past times to the present. Pan-Africanism as an ethical system traces its origin. From ancient times and promotes values that are product of the African civilization and the struggles against slavery, racism, colonialism and neo-colonialism.   However, Pan-Africanism is usually seen as a product of the European slave trade. Enslaved Africans of diverse origins and their descendants found themselves embedded in a system of exploitation where their African origin becomes a sign of their service status. Pan-Africanism set aside cultural differences, asserting the principality of these shared experiences to foster solidarity and resistance to exploitation.   Alongside a large number of slave insurrections, by the end of the eighteenth century political movement developed across the Americas Europe and African which sought to weld these disparate movements into a network of solidarity putting an end to these oppressions. In London, the sons of Africa were political group addressed by quotona Ottobah Lugoano in the 1791 edition of his book thoughts and sentiments on the evil of slavery. The group addressed meetings and organized letter-writing campaigns, published campaigning material and visited parliament. They wrote to figures such as Granvile sharp, William Pitt and other members of the white abolition movement, as well as king George III and the prince of Wales, the future George IV.   Modern Pan-Africanism began around the beginning of the twentieth century. The African Association latter renamed the Pan-African Association, was organized by Henry Sylvester – Williams around 1887, and their first conference was held in 1900.