A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EXPENDITURE CONTROL METHODS IN GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATELY OWNED HOSPITALS. (#14502)

ABSTRACT  This  research  work  on  A  Comparative  Study  of  Expenditure  Controls method  in  Government  and  private  Hospitals  is  aimed  at  studying  and analysing  the  different  methods  of  expenditure  control  that  is  being adopted  by  these  hospitals,  their  practical  application  and  their  level  of effectiveness.  It  is  aimed  at  carrying  out  a  comparative  analysis  of  two hospitals.  To  achieve  the  aim  of  this  research,  secondary  data  through textbooks and journals were used to review some of the related literatures. Equally,  questionnaires,  interview  and  observation,  which  sought  to  find out  facts  needed  for  analysing,  were  used.  The  questionnaires  were analyzed  by  simple  percentages  while  hypothesis  were  tested  using  chi-square  statistics. The  findings  of the  analysis  indicate  among  others that the  method  of  expenditure  control  used  by  both  hospitals  are  not  the same;  The  daily  control  method  for  private  hospitals  and  the  vote  card method  for  Government  Hospitals.  The  different  methods  of  expenditure control  used  by  the  two  hospitals  are  effective, but  with  slight  loopholes associated with vote card method. I  recommend among others that both hospitals  should  adhere  strictly  to  authorization  procedure  for  drug purchased  and  materials  purchases.  Both  hospitals  should  exhibit  high degree of cash management and employ competent personnel for proper and efficient expenditure control.             TABLE OF CONTENTS  Approval page                     ii Certification page                   iii Dedication                       iv Acknowledgement                  v  Abstract                      vii 
Chapter One 1.0  Introduction                  1  1.1  Background Of The Study              1  1.2  Statement Of the Problem              4  1.3  Objectives Of The Study              6  1.4  Research Questions                6  1.5  Formulation Of Hypotheses              7  1.6  Significance Of The Study              8  1.7  Scope Of The Study                9  1.8  Limitations Of The Study              9  1.9  Definitions Of Terms                10 
Chapter Two  ix  2.0  Review Of Related Literature             12  2.1  Introduction                  12  2.2  Overview Of Expenditure Control            12  2.3  The Expenditure Control Methods            14  2.4  Internal Auditing Overview              19  2.5  Management Audit                25  2.6  Cost Benefit Analysis                27  2.7  Quantitative Models For Expenditure Control        28   2.8  Items Related To the Income Generated In A Hospital    32  2.9  Items Related To The Expenditure Of A Hospital      36  2.10  The Expenditure Control Method That Are In Application    37   2.11  Vote Card Method of Expenditure Control        42 
Chapter Three Research design and Methodology   3.0  Introduction                  45  3.1  Sources of Data                  46  3.2  Research Instrument                47  3.3  Reliability and Validity of Research Instrument.      48  x  3.4  Population                    49  3.5  Sample Size/Technique               50  3.6  Administration Of Research Instrument          52   3.7  Method Of Data Analysis              52  3.8  Decision Criterion For Validation Of Hypotheses      53 
Chapter Four  4.0  Data Presentation and Analysis            54   4.1  Data Analysis/Presentation              54   4.2  Testing Of Hypotheses               67  4.3  Discussion of Findings                75 
Chapter Five  5.0  Summary of findings, Conclusion and Recommendations    78  5.1  Summary of findings                78  5.2  Conclusion                   79  5.3  Recommendation s                79  Bibliography                    82  Appendix 1                     85  xi  Appendix 2                     86